Fry Bread With Cornmeal and Coconut Oil

Published Nov. 3, 2021

Fry Bread With Cornmeal and Coconut Oil
Christopher Testani for The New York Times. Food Stylist: Simon Andrews.
Total Time
1½ hours, plus 4 hours’ cooling and rising
Rating
4(78)
Comments
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Ingenuity is behind Indigenous fry bread. When the United States government forcibly relocated Navajos (Diné) from ancestral lands in the 19th century, Native American women invented fry bread from government-issued commodities: flour, salt, yeast and water. Today, Native Americans have reclaimed this survival food as a tasty symbol of resilience. Cooks improvise on the basic formula using ingredients based on preference and geography: Styles, sizes and shapes differ by region, tribe and family. Fry bread is comfort food, and variations are shaped by memory and connection, leading to playful jests about the “right” kind. This particular recipe has Afro-Indigenous origins with its use of sugar and cornmeal, which add sweetness and density. But raw sugar replaces white sugar, and coconut oil steps in for lard. When used for frying, the oil’s aroma announces the arrival of something special.

Featured in: Fry Bread Is Beloved, but Also Divisive

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Ingredients

Yield:About 38
  • 1cup finely ground cornmeal
  • 2(¼-ounce) envelopes instant dry yeast
  • 1cup raw sugar
  • 1teaspoon fine sea salt
  • cups all-purpose flour
  • Unrefined coconut oil, for frying (about 32 ounces)
Ingredient Substitution Guide
Nutritional analysis per serving (38 servings)

100 calories; 3 grams fat; 3 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 0 grams monounsaturated fat; 0 grams polyunsaturated fat; 16 grams carbohydrates; 1 gram dietary fiber; 4 grams sugars; 2 grams protein; 53 milligrams sodium

Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.

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Preparation

  1. Step 1

    In a large pot, bring 2 cups water to a boil over medium-high. While whisking, add cornmeal to boiling water. Continue whisking slowly until smooth. Reduce heat to medium, add 1½ cups cold water and cook, stirring continuously to prevent lumps, until thick, about 6 minutes. It should be the consistency of oatmeal. Remove from heat and let cool in pot.

  2. Step 2

    Add yeast, sugar and salt to the cooled cornmeal, along with 1 to 2 tablespoons of water to moisten the mixture. Gradually add flour, stirring with a metal whisk or potato masher to get rid of as many lumps as you can. Sprinkle with water as needed to keep dough moist but thick. Cover with a damp cloth and let rise for 3 hours.

  3. Step 3

    Once dough has risen, it should be springy and sticky. Heat 1 inch of coconut oil in a cast-iron skillet to about 350 degrees. Test the heat by dropping a small portion of dough into the oil. It should gently sizzle but not splatter. Use two large, oiled spoons to make golf-ball-size portions: Scoop the dough with one spoon and push the dough off into the hot oil with the other. Re-oil the spoons using the oil in the skillet as needed to make new balls of dough. Work in batches, leaving room in the skillet, as the balls will expand in the hot oil.

  4. Step 4

    Fry until bottoms are cooked to your desired color (light gold, golden or dark brown), about 3 minutes for golden. Using tongs, flip balls over to cook the other side to the same color, 1 to 3 minutes. Gently lift out of the oil, shaking off excess oil, and transfer to paper towel-lined plates to drain. Eat while hot.

Ratings

4 out of 5
78 user ratings
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Comments

As a middle age Dine (Navajo) woman, my family never adds sugar and yeast to fry bread or tortillas. Sugar and yeast were reserved for bread baked in adobe oven, which we call "nidaa baah". Whereas, fry bread is self-descriptive and call "dah diniilghaazh. Any dough, we add corn meal or wheat when we feel like adding fiber to bread.

Authentic Native fry bead does not contain sugar nor, in most cases, yeast. And, it's normally flatten out into circles before frying.

the Italians have the same type fry bread only we call it zeppole- my mother is from Napoli and made these on the stove using her black iron pan. She then sprinkled with sugar! I do not know if she used cornmeal. The balls looked like fried pizza! Delicious! Will try this version

With ethnic recipes, there are usually so many righteous comments on everything from ingredients to mixing order to oven times. It makes me sad that there are only 16 total comments here, and many of these sound like pretenders appropriating native culture for themselves or their I’m-124th sliver-of-Indian ways. My family was indigenous, but I’m the last on my father’s side and I don’t know of other cousins. I want the boisterous family wrangling I remember, to make the best fry bread.

Dorothy is right! That is not Fry Bread. Having lived in Arizona for many years, I have never seen any Navajo fry bread look like that. The Navajo lamb stew is also Delicious!

Omitting the sugar and substituting baking powder for the yeast gives the recipe for Cornmeal Dumplings found throughout the Caribbean. These were fried in oil (coconut oil is my preference). Also, omitting the cornmeal and it becomes the standard flour dumplings served with breakfast, lunch or dinner. My aunt would make my male teenage cousin knead the dough until firm for boiled dumplings. These were shaped into palm sized disks, thicker in the middle, then, boiled.

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